Mahu bergelar "Chargeman"?

Kalau kalian mahu menduduki peperiksaan Chargeman BO melalui ILSAS, pastikan kantung kalian ada melebihi RM 13k. Kalau memilih untuk menduduki peperiksaan persendirian, 5k sudah memadai. menurut laman sesawang Suruhanjaya Tenaga:

Penjaga Jentera (Calon-calon Persendirian)

• Permohonan untuk menduduki peperiksaan kekompetenan Penjaga jentera hendaklah dengan menggunakan Borang ST(PE)1 Pindaan 2003.

• Kelayakan seperti Peraturan 49, Peraturan-Peraturan Elektrik 1994 dan peraturan-Peraturan Elektrik (Pindaan) 2003 iaitu :

• seorang warganegara Malaysia yang berumur tidak kurang dari 20 tahun
• mempunyai satu kelayakan pelajaran yang sesuai yang diluluskan oleh Suruhanjaya Tenaga (sekurang-kurangnya lulus PMR atau tamat tingkatan tiga sekolah bantuan penuh kerajaan) atau telah memiliki sijil kekompetenan Penjaga Jentera bagi sekatan yang lebih rendah.
• mempunyai pengetahuan yang cukup tentang pertolongan cemas, pemulihan pernafasan dan rawatan renjatan elektrik.
• boleh bertutur dan menulis dalam Bahasa Malaysia.
• calon-calon hendaklah mempunyai buku log bagi membuktikan pengalaman bekerja yang disahkan oleh tenaga pengajar lain yang memegang perakuan kekompetenan ST yang berkaitan.
• Mempunyai pengalaman tidak kurang dari tiga tahun (termasuk sekurang-kurangnya satu tahun bekerja di kilang sekarang) dalam suatu kerja bekalan elektrik atau dalam kilang atau lombong, di mana ianya terlibat secara langsung dalam pengendalian alat-alat elektrik yang hidup. Ini hendaklah merangkumi dalam semua bidang penjanaan, penghantaran dan pembahagian elektrik.

• Pengalaman untuk menentukan kelayakan menduduki peperiksaan bagi kategori-kategori tertentu adalah seperti di Lampiran D. Dan calon-calon dibolehkan mengambil peperiksaan bermula dari voltan A0 atau A1 kecuali:

• calon-calon dari TNB dan SESB dibenarkan mengambil peperiksaan terus ke B0 atau B0-1 yang mana perakuan kekompetenan yang dimilikinya adalah B0 sehingga 11kV (tanpa kelayakan voltan rendah).

• Carta Kelayakan menduduki peperiksaan Kekompetenan Penjaga Jentera adalah saperti di Lampiran C1.
• Carta aliran prosidur menduduki Peperiksaan Kekompetenan Penjaga Jentera adalah seperti di Lampiran C3.

Sukatan Pelajaran (Syllabus) Bagi Peperiksaan Kekompetenan Penjaga Jentera Sekatan AO

• Akta Bekalan Elektrik 1990, Akta Suruhanjaya tenaga 2001.
• Peraturan-Peraturan Elektrik 1994 dan Peraturan-Peraturan Elektrik (Pindaan) 2003.
• Standard Pendawaian Malaysia (Electrical Installations Of Buildings - MS IEC 60364)
• Sistem Pencegah Kebakaran

• pemilihan dan kendalian alat pemadam kebakaran mudahalih (portable fire extinguisher)
• sistem gas halon dan sprinkler
• sistem penggera

• Alat-alat Perlindungan Dalam Pepasangan Voltan Rendah

• Semua jenis pemutus litar (ACB, OCB, MCCB, MCB, ELCB, dll)
• suis-suis keselamatan
• jenis fius:

• fius boleh didawai semula
• HRC
• Time lag fuse dll.

• "oil dash pot"
• sistem pembumian

• Elektrik Asas

• angkadar / faktor kuasa (p.f.)
• definasi dan perkiraan angkadar kuasa
• kesan-kesan faktor kuasa yang rendah
• kadaran pemuat (capacitor rating) bagi pemberulan pf.

• ciri-ciri voltan (voltan fasa, voltan terminal & susut voltan)
• arus (litar arus terus dan arus ulang alik)
• jenis-jenis kuasa (ketara, sebenar & reaktif)
• ciri-ciri perintang
• pemuat
• galangan
• asas kemagnetan

• Transformer

• binaan, jenis, kegunaan, perbezaan antara pengubah-pengubah yang berlainan jenis
• fungsi bahagian-bahagian penting dalam pengubah
• baikpulih pengubah (overhauling)
• pengujian dan mula tugas pengubah baru

• Kabel

• pemilihan kabel
• jenis, saiz, keupayaan membawa arus dan susutan voltan
  
• penyambungan dan tamatan (jointings dan terminations)
• kerosakan-kerosakan pada kabel dan analisa kerosakan
  
• penggunaan alat-alat mengesan kerosakan pada kabel

• Kabel Bawah Tanah

• jenis, saiz, keupayaarus an membawa
• penggalian, cara merentang dan menanam kabel (excavation and cable laying) dalam pelbagai keadaan
• penyambungan kabel (cable jointing), penentuan fasa (phasing) dan tamatan (termination)
• peti pembekal (feeder pillar), papan agihan (distribution boards)
• pembinaan, pengendalian dan penyelenggaraan

• Motor dan Alat Kawalan

• jenis-jenis motor, kegunaan, perbezaan dan cara gerak tugas
• penyelenggaraan, mengesan kerosakan dan pembaikan
• penghidup termasuk ciri-ciri perlindungan
  

• Bateri

• prinsip kerja
• jenis, saiz, penyelenggaraan dan sistem cas

• Alatukur dan Alat Uji

• pengenalan dan penggunaan berbagai jenis alatukur dan alatuji

• Pendingin Udara

• jenis-jenis pendingin udara
• komponen-komponen pendingin udara
• kendalian dan senggaraan

• Pemeriksaan Bagi Peralatan Papan Suis Utama

• sistem pembumian, OCB, papan suis dan "switching tripping equipment"
• pengasing, "relay and pilot wiring" dsb

• Pepasangan Pengguna (Consumer Installation)

• rekabentuk dan jenis-jenis pendawaian bagi pepasangan pengguna
• pembumian
• pengujian pepasangan (ujian-ujian turutan)
• pepasangan lampu neon
  

• Lampu jalan

• pepasangan dan penyelenggara

Sukatan Pelajaran (Syllabus) Bagi Peperiksaan Kekompetenan Penjaga Jentera Sekatan A1

Semua sukatan pelajaran bagi A0 termasuk Sistem Talian Atas

Talian Atas

• jenis-jenis tiang (poles), pembinaan dawai umbang (stay)
• jenis-jenis kabel, saiz keupayaan membawa arus
• pemasangan talian meliputi merenggang (tensioning), melendut (sagging dan had kelegaan (clearance)
• peralatan talian seperti "poles fuses", penangkap kilat (lighting arrestors), pendakap D (D bracket)
• pemasangan dan penyelenggaraan peralatan talian atas dan lain-lain seperti peti pembekal (feeder pillars) dan papan agihan
• pembumian
• "span length" dan kedudukan tiang
• lampu jalan
  
• langkah keselamatan ketika bekerja

Sukatan Pelajaran (Syllabus) Bagi Peperiksaan Kekompetenan Penjaga Jentera A4-1

Semua sukatan pelajaran bagi A0, A1 termasuk :

• Stesen janakuasa (tidak termasuk penyegerakkan [synchronising] janakuasa)

• penjanaan voltan rendah
• perkakasusi (switchgears) voltan rendah
• Janakuasa diesel voltan rendah
• Pengujian, penserbisan dan mengesan kerosakan / baikpulih "Automatic Voltage Regulator" (AVR)

Sukatan Pelajaran (Syllabus) Bagi Peperiksaan Kekompetenan Penjaga Jentera Sekatan A4-2

Semua sukatan pelajaran bagi A0, A1 termasuk :

• Stesen janakuasa (tidak termasuk penyegerakkan [synchronising] janakuasa dan kendalian talian

• penjanaan voltan rendah
• perkakasusi (switchgears) voltan rendah
• Janakuasa diesel voltan rendah
• Pengujian, penserbisan dan mengesan kerosakan / baikpulih "Automatic Voltage Regulator" (AVR)

Sukatan Pelajaran (Syllabus) Bagi Peperiksaan Kekompetenan Penjaga Jentera Sekatan A4

Semua sukatan pelajaran bagi A0, A1, A4-1, A4-2 termasuk :

• penyegerakkan janakuasa
• faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan penyegerakkan janakuasa
• cara penyegerakkan dijalankan (teori dan amali)

Sukatan Pelajaran (Syllabus) Bagi Peperiksaan Kekompetenan Penjaga Jentera Sekatan B0-1

• Semua sukatan pelajaran bagi Voltan Rendah tidak termasuk penyegerakkan janakuasa.
• Sistem Voltan Tinggi dan Lebih Tinggi (sehingga 33kV) bagi semua perkara yang disenaraikan bagi kategori A0.

Sukatan Pelajaran (Syllabus) Bagi Peperiksaan Kekompetenan Penjaga Jentera Sekatan B-2

• Semua sukatan pelajaran bagi Voltan Rendah
• Sistem Voltan Tinggi dan Lebih Tinggi (sehingga 33kV) bagi semua perkara yang disenaraikan bagi kategori A0.

Sukatan Pelajaran (Syllabus) Bagi Peperiksaan Kekompetenan Penjaga Jentera Sekatan B1

• Semua sukatan pelajaran bagi Voltan Rendah
• Sistem Voltan Tinggi dan Lebih Tinggi (sehingga 33kV) bagi semua perkara yang disenaraikan bagi kategori A1.

Sukatan Pelajaran (Syllabus) Bagi Peperiksaan Kekompetenan Penjaga Jentera Sekatan B4

• Semua sukatan pelajaran bagi Voltan Rendah
• Sistem Voltan Tinggi dan Lebih Tinggi (sehingga 33kV) bagi semua perkara yang disenaraikan bagi kategori A4

Bagaimana mahu menjadi seorang Pendawai (Wireman)?

Di dalam Peraturan elektrik 1994, kelayakan pendawai adalah tertakluk dibawah Peraturan 50 yang mana menyatakan bahawa, untuk menduduki peperiksaan Pendawai (menurut laman sesawang Suruhanjaya Tenaga):

1.1 Single-Phase Wireman (Private Candidates)

• Applications to sit for the Competency Examination for Single-Phase Wireman should be done using Form ST (PE)1 Amendment 2003.
• Qualifications are as stated in Regulation 50, Electricity Regulations 1994 and Electricity Regulations (Amended) 2003.
• The minimum academic qualifications 50(1c) has been set at Form 3 in a government assisted school or passed Peperiksaan Menengah Rendah (PMR) certification or equivalent.
• Applicants who possess a MLVK (Electrician) Certificate/mid-level SRM and have interned for 6 months with an Electrical Contractor and have a complete log book are exempted from taking the theory, practical and oral examination.
• Candidates who are qualified will only be awarded a Certificate of Competency as Single-Phase Wireman without Endorsement for installation testing. However, any candidate who intends to obtain the Wireman Certification with Endorsement is required to take the oral examination. If they fail the oral examination, certification will only be given for Wireman without Endorsement for installation testing.
• Candidates who are interested in taking the Wireman Examination with Endorsement for installation testing will have to pay both the Examination fees and the Endorsement Examination fees.
• Candidates with the MLVK Certificate(Intermediate Level) or Malaysian Skill Certificate (Level Two) and have working experience of not less than 6 months with a registered electrical contractor are eligible to apply for PW1 Wireman Certification, without sitting for the theory and practical component of the Wireman Examination. However, this exemption does not include MLVK/SKM Certificate holders who obtained their certificates through the Accreditation of Prior Achievement (APA).
• The eligibility chart to sit for the examination for the Certificate of Competency as a Single Phase Wireman is shown in Appendix A1.

• The flowchart showing the procedure to take the examination for the Certificate of Competency as a Single-Phase Wireman is shown in Appendix A2.

The Syllabus for Single-Phase Wireman Competency Examination

• Electricity Supply Act 1990 and Energy Commission Act 2001.
• Electricity Regulations 1994 and Electricity Regulations (Amendment) 2003.
• Electrical Installations of Buildings – MS IEC 60364
• Resuscitation, first aid and treatment of electric shock.
• Basic Knowledge on Electricity:

• Introduction to voltage, current, resistance, power, induction, capacitance, frequency and other quantities that are related to electricity.
• Ohm’s Law.
• Serial and parallel connection
• Power formula
• Electricity supply and voltage rating system
  
  

• Cables

• Types of cables, color code and use.
• The right cable selection such as:
  

  • Current flow capacity
  • Voltage depreciation calculation
  • Miscellaneous factors
  • Correction factors
  • Types of cable termination

• Wiring

• Wiring system
• Surface, embedded, conduits, mains, etc
• Selection factors
• Types and size of conduits/ mains
• Space factor

• Lighting Circuit

• One-way switches, two- way switches, intermediate switches
• Power circuits
• Radius, ring, spur
• Power point for air conditioning
  
• Power point for water heaters
• Separators

• Test Equipment and Testing

• Types of testing
• Polarity, continuity, insulation, etc
• Types of test equipment
• Insulation testing, earth resistance testing, multimeter, main ring tester, RCB tester and test equipment related to testing of electrical wiring.

• Equipment to Measure Electricity Quantity
  

• Use of measuring equipment and the operating principles, that is, ampere span, voltage span, KWH span, clamp on tester, avometer, etc.

• Switch Tool & Distribution Board (SPN)

• Types of distribution boards, consumer units, outlets,etc
• Cut out dan Neutral Link

• Circuit Protection

• Types of electrical damage
• Protection devices and use
• Types of fuses, rating, operation, testing
• Types of main switches, current rating, fuse rating
• MCB, operations, current rating, testing

• Earthing

• Types of earthing, earthing principles, earth leakage barriers, protective conductivity and earth electrodes.
• Related single phase RCB device, operation and regulations

• Lightning Protection System

• Types and use of lightning arrestors

• Electrical Apparatus

• Operating principles of electrical apparatus such as water heaters, electric cookers, electric bells, etc
• Single-phase starters

• Electric Installation Design

• Knowledge of electric symbols
• Knowledge of schematic diagrams and electrical layout
• Standard color code for telephone systems, gas, water and fire extinguishers
• Load calculation

1.2 Three-Phase Wireman (Private Candidates)

• Applications to take the Competency Examination for Three-Phase Wireman should be done using Form ST(PE) 1 Amendment 2003.

• Minimum academic qualifications must be Form 3 in a government assisted school or passed Peperiksaan Menengah Rendah (PMR) or equivalent [Regulation 50 1 (c)]

• Eligibility Requirements are:

• Certificate of Competency for Single Phase Restriction
  
• Registered with the Energy Commission
• Working with a registered Electrical Contractor or Private Wireman or Government Agencies.

• The Competency Examination for Three-Phase Wireman can be considered after one year from the official date of passing the Examination for Single-Phase Wireman and having worked with a contractor for not less than 6 months.

• Candidates who have passed the Competency Examination for Three-Phase and possess a Certificate of Competency for Single-Phase Wireman and installation testing endorsement are qualified to obtain a Certificate of Competency for Three-Phase Wireman with installation testing endorsement on condition that the fees to take the endorsement examination is paid.

• Candidates without a Certificate of Competency Single-Phase Restriction can be considered for the examination for the Certificate of Competency for Three-Phase Wireman on condition that they have working experience of not less than 3 years with a contractor registered with the EC.

• Candidates must have a log book to prove working/ teaching experience that is approved by other instructors holding a relevant EC competency certificate.

• The eligibility chart to take the examination is shown in Appendix B1.

The flow chart procedure to take the Competency Examination for Three-Phase Wireman is shown in Appendix A2.

The Syllabus for Three-Phase Wireman Competency Examination

• Electricity Supply Act 1990, Energy Commission Act 2001, Electricity Regulations 1994 and Electricity Regulations (Amended) 2003.

• Complying with the Malaysia Wiring Standards (Electrical Installation of Buildings – MS IEC 60364)

• Resuscitation, first aid and treatment for electric shock.

• Basic Electricity Knowledge

• Introduction to voltage, current, resistance, power, induction, capacitance, frequency and other quantities related to electricity.
• Ohm’s Law.
• Serial and parallel connection
• Power formula
• Electricity supply and voltage rating system

• Cables

• Types of cables, color code and use.
• The right cable selection such as:
  
  • Current flow capacity
  • Voltage depreciation calculation
  • Miscellaneous factors
  • Correction factors
  • Types of cable termination

• Wiring

• Wiring system
• Surface, embedded, conduit, mains, etc
• Selection factors
• Types and size of conduit/ mains
• Space factor

• Lighting circuit

• One-way switches, two- way switches, intermediate switches
• Power circuit
• Radius, ring, spur
• Power point for air conditioning
• Power point for water heaters
• Separators

• Test equipment and Testing

• Types of testing
• Polarity, continuity, insulation, etc
• Types of test equipment
• Insulation tester, earth resistance tester, multimeter, ring main tester, RCB tester and testing apparatus related to testing of electric wiring.
  

• Equipment to Measure Electricity Quantity
  

• Measuring equipment use and operating principles, that is, ampere meter, voltage meter, KWH meter, clamp on tester, avometer, etc.

• Switch Tools & Distribution Board (SPN)

• Types of distribution boards, consumer units, outlets, etc
• Cut out and Neutral Link

• Circuit Protection

• Types of electrical damage
• Protection devices and use
• Types of fuses, rating, operation, testing
• Types of main switches, current rating, fuse rating
• MCB, operation, current rating, testing
• MCCB, operation, current rating, testing

• Earthing

• Types of earthing, earthing principles, earth leakage barriers, protective conductivity and earth electrode.
• Related single phase RCB devices, operation and regulations

• Lightning Protection System

• Types and use of lightning arrestors

• Electrical Apparatus

• Operating principles of electrical apparatus such as water heaters, electric cookers, electric bells, etc
• Types of motors, motor starters and their wiring

• Electric Installation design

• Knowledge on electric symbols
• Knowledge on schematic diagrams and electrical layout
• Load calculation and load balance

• Standard color code for telephone system, gas, water and fire extinguisher system.

• All matters related to single phase wiring syllabus.

1.3 Electric-Sign Wireman

• Applications to take the Electric-Sign Wireman Competency Examination needs to be done using Form ST (PE)1 Amendment 2003.

• Minimum academic qualifications includes Form 3 in a government assisted school or passed Peperiksaan Menengah Rendah (PMR) or equivalent [Regulation 50 1 (c)].

• Candidates may be allowed to take the Electric-Sign Wireman Competency Examination directly on condition that they have experience as a wireman of not less than 3 years with an EC registered contractor and one year experience working as an electric-sign wireman.